Overtime and Bonus Payments
The policy regarding the payment for working extraneous hours
in the period from the commencement
of the Bank to 1939
When the Birmingham Corporation Savings Bank (BCSB) commenced in 1916, the salaries of the Corporation's existing non-manual employees
were supplemented by a 'War Bonus' designed to offset the impact of the high rates of inflation prevailing during the conditions of
the First World War. This bonus was the City Council's own scheme whose payments were described as "War Bonuses and Allowances and
other payments granted in respect of the abnormal economic conditions created by the War and to meet the increased cost of living".
The payments consisted of a flat rate advance of £60 per annum for men and £40 to women, plus in each case a 30% advance on
basic salary.
In 1920, the Corporation decided to substitute their local system with the Civil Service scheme, as had been done
by other large towns and cities in the UK. This scheme was known as the 'Civil Service (101) Awards', being named after the most recent
of a series of awards, when the bonus rate was formulated by 'Award No 101 of the Conciliation and Arbitration Board for Government
Employees'.
The calculation of this War Bonus was similar to, but more complicated than the City's system, with different rules
for men and women, and for those above or below the age of 21. The rules were again different depending upon whether the employee's
ordinary rate of remuneration was above or below specified amounts. For example, a male employee of age 21 and upwards with a rate
of remuneration exceeding £156 a year would have a bonus of £60 a year, plus the equivalent of 30% of their ordinary remuneration.
This calculation was subject to the fact that the total bonus so calculated was not to be below that for a man whose ordinary rate
of remuneration was less than £156; and was not to exceed £500 a year.
A pre-war Corporation employee, therefore, had a salary
consisting of a basic rate plus the War Bonus. However, this was not the case with staff taken on by the BCSB during the War, as they
were "engaged on certain fixed terms at the opening of the Bank, and such terms could not be disturbed without the concurrence of
the Bank Committee and the individual officers concerned" (Minutes of the Bank Committee meeting held on May 3rd 1920). This variance
from the Corporation's standard system was probably due to the fact that the Bank was a temporary organisation that was required to
cease operations following the end of the War.
With the application of the 'War Bonus' continuing after the First World War,
it became necessary to define the basic salary of BMB officers. After a meeting with the City's Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee
in 1920, it was agreed by the Bank Committee that "for calculation purposes to deduct the sum of £78 in the case of men and £61 in
the case of females from the existing salaries in order to arrive at a basic figure upon which the Award would be calculated".
The
War Bonus did not apply to certain officers, including "Head Officials". When the salary of the Bank's General Manager (J P Hilton)
was increased with effect from April 1st 1920, the revised salary of £750 per annum was stated to be "inclusive of bonus" to indicate
that he would not receive any additional sum by way of a 'War Bonus'.
Although the City Council applied the provisions of
the Civil Service Bonus Awards, it did not allow the payment of compensation for overtime working. The view of the Council was expressed
in two letters from the Secretary of the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee addressed to the Bank Committee shortly after the BMB
commenced on September 1st 1919:
November 5th 1919
Cases have recently come under the notice of the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee of special payments being made to officials in consideration of extra services rendered. The Committee are of opinion that this is an undesirable principle, and should be discouraged, and I am instructed to advise the several Committees of the Council accordingly.
I
am to add that any exceptional cases which may arise in the future should be referred to the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee
for consideration.
December 17th 1919
Payments to Officials for Extraneous Work.
Since the issue by the Salaries Wages and Labour Committee of their circular letter of the 5th November with reference to this matter, it has been represented to them that some amplification is desirable in order to remove any misapprehension that may exist.
Accordingly, I am directed to say that the principle my Committee desire to establish is that the ordinary remuneration of salaried officials should be recognised as covering all duties assigned to them by their respective Committees, and that any proposal which involves a departure from this principle should be referred to the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee for consideration.
It is, however, not intended that this ruling should
operate in cases where, with the consent of his Committee, an official's advice or assistance is extended to other authorities in
connection with work not directly concerning his Committee.
The question of payment for 'extraneous work' rose very early in
the BMB's existence with the Bank Committee deciding on August 29th 1919 that:
no overtime money be paid to the Bank Staff, but when
occasion demanded the staff should work extra hours, 1/- tea money be allowed to each officer and a record kept of the work done and
the time spent so that the Committee may consider the granting of a bonus for such special work. This arrangement to hold good in
connection with the present extra labours in dealing with transfers.
The transfers referred to related to the work of transferring
the details of the individual BCSB accounts to the BMB. Presumably, the Bank staff received their 1/- tea money, but with over 21,000
accounts being transferred in the period September 1st 1919 to March 31st 1920, it was also necessary to employ special staff to cope
with the work after ordinary hours - these people were paid at the rate of 2/- per hour.
However, most of the transfer work was
done in August and September 1919. This work was not only done after normal hours during the week, but included whole days on Saturdays
and Sundays. In recognition of this extraneous work, bonus awards were made at the rate of £10 each to Branch Superintendents, £7.
10. 0. each to the next grade of staff, and £5 each to the female staff - the 28 staff involved received a total amount of approximately
£200.
Despite these payments, the General Manager reported to the Bank Committee on December 1st 1919 that representations had
been made to him by certain members of staff for a ruling on the question of payment for overtime, and as to the amount to be granted
for tea allowance when working late. As the practice varied amongst the various Corporation Departments, the Committee informed the
Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee that they were of the opinion that the clerical staffs of the Corporation should receive overtime
at a rate not less generous than that paid to manual employees, and that the tea allowance be abolished.
The Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee replied as follows after obtaining details of the practices of the various Departments:
Overtime Allowances and Payments for Meals - Clerical Staff.
Replies were submitted showing the practice in the several Departments, and after examination
thereof it was found that the principle of not recognising overtime pay to clerical workers is maintained in the Departments, but
that special allowances are in a few instances made by Committees for special work and further that the allowance made for meals are
on a reasonable basis.
This reply confirmed the policy detailed in the two letters reproduced above that were also issued by
the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee.
In the case of the Bank, the major cause of overtime working was to be the Annual Balance each
March 31st when interest was capitalised on individual accounts and a complete listing of depositors' accounts was made. Except for
the totalling of the extracted lists of depositors' accounts by comptometer operators, the whole of the work was completed by hand. It
is not known if any special allowance was made to staff for the work done at the first Annual Balance (March 31st 1920), but about
£150 was paid to staff the following year. In 1922, the Committee gave the Chairman and General Manager power to authorise the payment
of such bonus as they may consider equitable in each case on the lines adopted in the previous year, regard being had to efficiency
displayed.
In 1923, a more established system of paying staff a bonus for the Annual Balance began, the amounts gradually increasing as the volume of work and the number of staff increased. The following table shows the amounts of these bonuses paid in the period up to the commencement of the Second World War.
In the early years, the distribution of the bonus was to be done with "regard being had to efficiency displayed" suggesting that Managers whose branches did not complete the operation with the efficiency expected by the Head Office management were paid less than some of their colleagues. Later, the bonus seems to have been divided by reference to seniority. Frank Jones in his Memories recalls that he was paid £3 and his Branch Manager received £5.
Although the number of accounts dealt with each year increased, the work at the larger branches was made considerably easier by the gradual introduction in the 1930s of mechanical posting machines.
Date
|
Number
of Accounts
|
Bonus
(£)
|
NOTES
|
1920
|
40,130
|
|
|
1921
|
62,119
|
|
|
1922
|
76,230
|
|
|
1923
|
100,245
|
250
|
(1)
|
1924
|
133,420
|
300
|
(2)
|
1925
|
166,894
|
350
|
(3)
|
1926
|
199,605
|
400
|
(4)
|
1927
|
225,760
|
450
|
|
1928
|
254,433
|
500
|
(5)
|
1929
|
280,274
|
550
|
|
1930
|
311,956
|
700
|
(6)
|
1931
|
333,177
|
750
|
(7)
|
1932
|
344,749
|
750
|
(8)
|
1933
|
|
250
|
(9)
|
1933
|
356,350
|
750
|
(10)
|
1933
|
|
|
(11)
|
1934
|
374,917
|
750
|
(12)
|
1935
|
392,927
|
800
|
(13)
|
1936
|
410,871
|
800
|
(14)
|
1937
|
431,395
|
800
|
(15)
|
1938
|
450,584
|
800
|
(16)
|
1939
|
474,216
|
800
|
(17)
|
(8) Extract from Report
of the Finance Sub-Committee (May 23rd 1932):
The work was carried out on Tuesday afternoon and evening, March 29th, Wednesday
afternoon and evening, March 30th, and the whole of the day on March 31st until late at night. As in former years the Staff were in
a position to enter the interest in pass books of depositors when the Bank was opened on 1st April.
The number of accounts dealt
with this year was 344,749 as compared with 333,177 last year. In addition, balances were taken out in respect of 6,962 House Purchase
accounts. The work was facilitated by the loan of 42 Comptometer Operators and machines from other Corporation Departments and from
the Burroughs Adding Machine Co.
(9) Report of the General Purposes Sub-Committee (February 20th 1933):
Overtime by Members
of the Bank Staff.
The overtime carried out by members of the Bank Staff in connection with the alteration in the rate of interest,
involved 4,649 hours in addressing envelopes, and 1350 hours engaged in adjusting interest.
Your Sub-Committee are of opinion
that such work which was entirely outside the ordinary duties of the staff should be acknowledged, and they recommend that a sum of
£250 be granted in respect of this extra work for distribution among the members of the staff concerned in such manner as the General
Manager may consider equitable, the sum mentioned to also cover the out-of-pocket expenses of these officers.
(10) Hours of overtime
worked: 5,982
(11) Report of the General Purposes Sub-Committee (December 18th 1933):
Transfer of Establishment - Head Office.
Your
Sub-Committee report that the removal of the whole of the cash documents, books, etc from Edmund Street and Easy Row to Broad Street
was effected during the night of November 27th - 28th. In addition to the employment of outside assistance, the male staff over 21
years of age were engaged from 11 o'clock to 8am on such removal, the total hours involved being 1,107. Your Sub-Committee recommend
that a payment of 10/- per head be made to each member of the staff concerned to cover out-of-pocket expenses.
(12) 1934: As
the balance coincided with the Easter holidays it was necessary for the staff to work the whole of Good Friday.
(13) 1935: After
the sum of £750 was paid to the staff for the Annual Balance Bonus in each of the last four years, the amount was increased to £800
to reflect that the number of accounts had increased by 59,708 over that period.
(14) Extract from Report of the Finance and
General Purposes Sub-Committee (May 18th 1936):
The number of hours worked by the staff amounted to 4,545. The analysis of accounts
and the addition of the twelve months forward interest on the open accounts has since proceeded, involving another 1,500 hours.
(15)
1937: Extract from Report of the Finance and General Purposes Sub-Committee (May 24th 1937):
The total additional time spent
on the Balance represented 6,465 hours. The analysis of accounts and the addition of the twelve months Forward Interest on the open
accounts, has since proceeded, involving further extra work.
(16) 1938: The number of extra hours worked was 6,500.
(17)
Report of the Finance & General Purposes Sub-Committee (May 15th 1939):
Annual Balance - Staff Bonus.
Your Sub-Committee
have considered the report of the General Manager on the work carried out by the staff in connection with the annual balance and the
making of the requisite abstracted list of balances for the year ended 31st March last.
The number of accounts dealt with this
year was 474,216 as compared with 450,584 last year and the total number of extra hours' work was 6,521.
Your Sub-Committee recommend that, subject to the concurrence of the Salaries, Wages and Labour Committee, a grant be made to the staff of £800, the same amount as last year, such sum to be distributed as the General Manager considers equitable.
(The number of accounts was: Savings 466,163;
House Purchase 8,053)